Under the background of "double carbon", how to design the development mode of zero-carbon smart industrial park?

The zero-carbon smart park upgrades the multi-distributed energy system, builds a comprehensive collaborative energy network with multi-energy conversion, multi-energy complementary and multi-network integration, and realizes the full integration of carbon emission data in the park based on the digital management platform, enabling the park to comprehensively reduce direct and indirect carbon dioxide emissions in the park.

At the same time, carbon capture, carbon absorption, carbon trading and other methods are combined to offset the remaining carbon dioxide in the park, so as to achieve zero carbon emissions in the park. To achieve carbon neutrality in the park, we should fundamentally control carbon emissions and increase carbon absorption. At the same time, we should establish a carbon trading market and strengthen intelligent management and control. First of all, control carbon sources, from energy, production, transportation, construction, life and other aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction, optimize industrial production mode, use green renewable energy, develop low-carbon negative carbon technology, advocate low-carbon transportation and low-carbon life.

Secondly, increase carbon absorption, develop ecological carbon sink, carbon capture and storage and other technologies. In addition, a carbon trading market will be established to optimize the allocation of carbon emission rights and promote enterprises to upgrade their technologies. At the same time, a zero-carbon operating system is built to gather various energy data such as hydropower, photovoltaic, energy storage, and charging piles in the park to achieve intelligent energy management and control in the park.

Zero-carbon smart park top-level design system into the concept of carbon neutrality, vision goals determine the ideal and direction of the park, emphasizing "digital integration and enabling", the focus is "high-quality development", the construction concept is clear principles and requirements of the park construction, emphasizing innovative growth, green efficiency and people-oriented, taking into account green and development, production and ecological planning. The zero-carbon operating system connects all aspects of the park's core production factors with data, systematically sorts out and fully aggregates the data of the park's economic and social development and key factors related to carbon emissions, establishes the park's carbon emission index system and carbon pipe control application, and provides universal and replicable basic capability support for scenario-based business applications. Relying on the three core capabilities of energy transformation, application transformation and digital transformation of the zero-carbon operating system, the construction goal of the zero-carbon smart park is smoothly promoted and the vision is landed. The core elements comprehensively shape the zero-carbonization development environment of the park and support the advancement of the construction goal. Zero-carbon smart Park construction of zero-carbon smart city, zero-carbon industrial livelihood, through the physical space "city - park - enterprise - people" and digital space deep integration and interaction, practice of zero-carbon high-quality development of the park.

With data as the core production factor, the zero-carbon operating system jointly supports the construction of zero-carbon smart park through the framework layer, application layer, support layer and physical layer. It provides universal and replicable basic capability support for various scenario-oriented applications such as zero-carbon production, zero-carbon building and zero-carbon transportation, and promotes the development of carbon emission, carbon clean energy and other related smart applications based on this operating system. At the same time, digitalization enables the intelligent monitoring and management of the entire carbon life cycle of the park, so as to realize the full connection of managers, operators and consumers within the park, and jointly help the park achieve the goal of zero carbon from both process and terminal.

01 Planning Phase

Diagnostic planning: For the zero-carbon transformation of the existing park, it is necessary to build a carbon accounting model according to the existing industrial structure, summarize the full carbon data, and determine the zero-carbon target and road map. First of all, the basic carbon emission data of the whole park should be comprehensively investigated, and basic work such as carbon emission data statistics and verification should be done to have a deep understanding of their own carbon emission. Secondly, on the basis of the statistics and verification of carbon emissions in the park, the calculation of "carbon peak" is promoted, and the target value and peak period of carbon peak are scientifically estimated. The potential emission reduction ways are sorted out, and the emission reduction potential, cost and benefit of different emission reduction ways are evaluated and calculated in detail. Finally, according to the target value and calculation results of reaching the peak of carbon, combined with its three core capabilities of energy transformation, application transformation and digital transformation, it scientifically chooses the path of carbon neutrality, defines the emission reduction targets, key tasks and key measures, and makes a detailed emission reduction schedule to form a refined carbon emission control plan and implementation plan.

Top first: For the new park, the park positioning, industry selection, spatial layout and other levels according to the concept of carbon neutrality and digital integration of urban high-quality development space vision goals. First, we will study and formulate an action plan for peaking carbon emissions in the park, promote the construction of zero-carbon smart parks in a planned and arranged way, and improve the top-level design of zero-carbon development in the park. Secondly, the layout of zero-carbon energy system, zero-carbon building system and zero-carbon transportation system is comprehensively considered, and the renewable energy (wind power, photovoltaic, geothermal, etc.) area of the park is planned according to local conditions, and the existing planning and design blueprints are fully utilized to lay out new energy power generation and energy storage and conversion systems.

02 Construction phase

Industrial optimization: Optimize the industrial structure, accelerate the promotion and popularization of carbon applications, promote the optimization of the industrial chain, and set industrial optimization plans according to the actual situation, eliminate a batch, transform a batch, and introduce a batch. On the one hand, on the basis of the original park industries, encourage the integrated development of industries and cities, eliminate backward production capacity, promote the development of the tertiary industry, and promote the establishment of new industrial clusters with low energy consumption, low pollution and low emissions. On the other hand, enterprises in the park will be promoted to use low-carbon equipment, low-carbon technology and low-carbon materials to carry out technological transformation and equipment upgrading, improve energy efficiency, and further realize the transformation and upgrading of high-energy-consuming industries in the park.

Mechanism guidance: Improve the low-carbon management mechanism of the park by establishing relevant organizational mechanisms and innovating carbon emission incentive mechanisms, and actively explore the establishment of long-term mechanisms and policy measures for zero-carbon construction of the park, so as to provide institutional guarantee for energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon development.

Zero-carbon transformation: Strengthen the construction of low-carbon infrastructure, and implement low-carbon and intelligent transformation of infrastructure construction such as water, electricity and gas use in the park. Strengthen the digital transformation of the park, build a carbon monitoring system, establish a statistical monitoring platform for energy consumption and carbon emissions, strengthen the statistics of the park's industrial, construction, transportation and electricity consumption and other basic data, and establish and improve the enterprise carbon emission data management and analysis system.

03 Operation phase

Digital empowerment: Through the smart park system, it conducts comprehensive management and trend analysis of various energy data such as hydropower, photovoltaic and energy storage in the park, integrates carbon management modules, and builds a zero-carbon operating system. Based on the zero-carbon operating system, cluster, clean and analyze the collected data using big data, cloud computing, edge computing and Internet of Things technologies, establish an enterprise-wide resource-energy balance model, set up an evaluation index system, and combine statistical analysis, dynamic optimization, prediction and early warning, feedback control and other functions. To achieve centralized control of enterprise energy information, fine management of equipment energy conservation and systematic energy management, reduce equipment operating costs and improve energy efficiency.

Factor allocation: strengthen factor support, connect and allocate related land, mechanism, finance, technology, manpower, data and other resource elements, build a multi-level and multi-angle regulatory system including park enterprises, park management agencies, and government departments, and achieve a diversified and information-based monitoring model. Build an energy and carbon emission information management platform, actively promote interconnection with the park's comprehensive green finance service platform and investment promotion service platform, establish a low carbon enterprise database, a low carbon project database, a low carbon talent pool and a policy tool database, strengthen the statistical monitoring and service capabilities of enterprises' carbon emissions, and realize comprehensive analysis and real-time monitoring of carbon emissions and energy use in the park. We will raise the level of information technology in carbon emission management.

01 Energy Transformation

Energy supply transformation

By integrating energy investment and energy technology, the park builds a zero-carbon energy system based on renewable energy, and supports infrastructure such as smart grids, effectively carrying out integrated comprehensive energy planning. Building energy consumption based on electricity and supporting comprehensive energy services (including energy storage, charging piles, etc.) can optimize the energy structure of the park as a whole. Combined with the characteristics of energy use in the park, the promotion of "electricity instead of coal" and "electricity instead of gas" in the terminal energy consumption link, and the promotion of "electricity instead of oil" in the logistics and transportation link can significantly reduce carbon emissions from the source. On this basis, the layout of photovoltaic, wind power, hydropower and other clean renewable energy according to local conditions can reduce the use of thermal power mainly municipal power, which greatly improves the cleanliness of energy supply in the park.

Photovoltaic power generation technology refers to the use of the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor interface and the direct conversion of light energy into electrical energy. The key component of photovoltaic power generation technology is solar photovoltaic cells, in addition, inverter technology, grid-connected technology, energy storage technology, intelligent monitoring technology and other technologies are related to the application and development of solar photovoltaic power generation system. The roofs of industrial plants in industrial parks and logistics parks generally have the characteristics of large idle roof area, less shelter and large electricity consumption, which has special advantages for the construction of distributed small photovoltaic power stations based on self-use.

Due to the randomness and volatility of clean energy such as wind and light, it is difficult for the park to ensure the balance and stability of energy supply. Therefore, the comprehensive energy system has emerged at the historic moment, and has become an important solution to promote the consumption of clean energy, enhance the cascade utilization of energy, improve energy efficiency, and realize the coordinated operation of various forms of energy. It has also become the key to the energy transformation of the zero-carbon smart park. Based on the concept of energy complementarity, the comprehensive energy system integrates multiple links of the power system "generation - transmission - distribution - use - storage", covers various types of distributed energy, opens up various energy subsystems of electricity, heat and gas, realizes the complementarity of various energy sources and the coordination and optimization of multiple systems, and effectively improves the energy utilization efficiency and economy of the park. From the perspective of energy transmission chain, the comprehensive energy system of zero-carbon smart park has multiple collaborative complementary paths of "source-network-charge-storage", that is, multiple complementary modes such as source-end complementarity, source-net complementarity, and network-load complementarity, as well as coordination and complementarity modes among each other.

Micro-grid technology refers to the use of distributed power supply, energy storage device, energy conversion device, load, monitoring and protection devices, etc., composed of small power distribution system, is able to achieve self-control, protection and management of autonomous system, can operate with the external power grid, can also operate independently. The park's power usage load is large, the intensity is high, the quality of power requirements are high, so the integration of solar energy, wind energy and other distributed energy, the establishment of building level comprehensive energy microgrid is one of the important means of the park to achieve carbon neutrality.

02 Application Transformation

Zero carbon production

On the energy consumption side, dual control of total energy and intensity, reducing carbon emissions of energy-consuming manufacturing industries, and achieving "green manufacturing" are key steps for China to achieve carbon neutrality. The main ways to achieve low carbonization or even zero carbonization in high energy-consuming industrial parks include: optimizing the industrial chain layout to improve the efficiency of intra-cluster circulation; aggregating the industrial chain from the perspective of large circulation of the park or regional energy system; and realizing cross-enterprise and cross-industry overall planning and cascade utilization through ecological symbiosis of enterprises in the park and industrial cluster; Reduce direct emissions in the production process through electrification and clean energy utilization, promote clean energy such as wind energy and light energy to replace fossil energy, and use flexible power technology and energy storage technology to promote the construction of green energy supply system in the park; Use negative carbon technologies to reduce terminal emissions.

Key technologies: CCUS Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) refers to the technical process of separating carbon dioxide from the emission source or directly using or storing it to achieve carbon dioxide emission reduction. Including carbon dioxide capture, transport, storage and utilization of four links. At the park level, due to the discontinuity and instability of the production process and new energy output, the energy and production links cannot achieve complete zero carbon emissions. Through carbon removal means such as negative carbon technology, part of the carbon emissions of fossil energy can be offset to achieve carbon neutrality.

Zero carbon building:

Zero carbon building is a building that makes full use of energy saving measures and renewable energy resources in the building's whole life cycle to achieve net zero carbon emissions by reducing carbon emissions and increasing carbon sinks. At the same time, it can also reduce other air pollutants, reduce building operating costs, improve the internal environment of the building, and improve the building's ability to resist climate change. According to the relevant data of the World Green Building Council, greenhouse gas emissions from buildings account for nearly 40% of all greenhouse gas emissions, becoming one of the main sources of carbon emissions in various types of parks, and throughout the whole process of park construction.

Key technologies: Passive, active building energy efficiency improvement The construction of zero-carbon buildings follows the concept of "passive priority reduction of demand, active optimization and energy efficiency improvement", adopts an integrated design scheme, and relies on regional resource endowment to achieve carbon neutrality. Passive technology gives priority to creating a suitable micro-climate through special lighting, insulation and other designs, so that the building can make full use of light, human body, electrical heat dissipation and natural wind to achieve or close to achieve constant temperature, constant humidity, constant oxygen and smog isolation comfort conditions. On the basis of passive design, the active optimization emphasizes the application of renewable energy to achieve a balance between energy efficiency and the best indoor climate, effectively improving people's health level and living comfort.

03 Digital Transformation

Digital transformation of infrastructure

The zero-carbon smart park attaches importance to the hard environment such as "traditional infrastructure" to the soft environment such as "new infrastructure", builds digital facilities such as smart fire protection and environmental monitoring, and promotes the data-centric digital transformation of the park. Layout of new infrastructure represented by 5G, artificial intelligence, industrial Internet, and big data centers, promote the scale coverage of 5G base stations and the Internet of Things, improve the efficiency and service capacity of the park's basic implementation, and form a new integrated infrastructure system that meets the needs of the development of the digital economy and smart society.

The new round of modern information and communication technology represented by 5G is a booster for realizing the goal of "dual carbon" and plays an irreplaceable role in helping the carbon neutrality of the park. The high speed, low delay, and large connection characteristics of 5G can effectively meet the business development trend of massive terminal access, frequent information interaction, and extension of control to the end, and can effectively expand the scope and capability of power system monitoring and control.

Digital transformation of park management and control

The intelligent monitoring, management and control of mechanical and electrical equipment can improve the safety of the park operation guarantee. Relying on the integrated management platform, it can obtain equipment operation data and environmental status data in real time, and realize the digitalization of comprehensive management such as resource environmental protection, comprehensive property management, and project management. Popularize the application of digital twin technology, comprehensively collect the emission data of the park, make the park production line and the virtual digital twin system highly integrated, and constantly improve the production and manufacturing process.

Digital twin is a multi-disciplinary, multi-physical, multi-scale, multi-probability simulation process that makes full use of physical model, sensor update, operation history and other data, and completes mapping in virtual space, so as to reflect the whole life cycle process of the corresponding physical equipment. Through information linking, digital twins can realize image mapping, global presentation and dynamic simulation of the physical world to achieve the effect of virtual and real linkage, thus assisting in various research and control.

Digital transformation of carbon asset management

The term "park carbon assets" refers to the carbon emission allowances, emission reduction credits and related activities generated under the mandatory carbon emission trading mechanism or the voluntary carbon emission trading mechanism that can directly or indirectly affect carbon emission allowances. Reasonable allocation, utilization and management of carbon assets, as well as trading and investment in the carbon market, can provide more flexible and convenient options for zero-carbon operations in the park. Establish an effective carbon asset management mechanism, conduct statistical analysis, monitoring and forecasting of direct and indirect carbon emissions in the production and operation process of the park, optimize the low-carbon asset portfolio, and help the park's zero-carbon smart transformation.

Key technology: carbon monitoring and carbon accounting