Environmental reviews: Promoting the treatment of rural domestic sewage must be based on reality

In order to further fight the battle of pollution control in agriculture and rural areas, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment focused on the key and difficult points of the current rural living environment improvement, and issued a draft for comments on further promoting the guidance on rural domestic sewage treatment not long ago.



In the preparation of the guiding opinions, the main problems and countermeasures of the current rural domestic sewage treatment were sorted out, the relevant experience, problems and suggestions in the specific work of the local field research, and several expert consultation meetings and discussions were held to solicit opinions from relevant departments. This not only reflects the work style of in-depth practice, in-depth grassroots, in-depth masses, solid investigation and research, but also conveys a clear signal that counties (cities, districts) must be based on reality when further promoting rural domestic sewage treatment.



Combing through the contents of the documents can also be found that the requirements based on reality have been mentioned many times. For example, reasonable determination of governance objectives and tasks and governance timing; Adhere to quantity obey quality, progress obey time, seek good not fast; Choosing governance mode and technology according to local conditions; It is necessary to strengthen the evaluation of the operation of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities. At the same time, it is also necessary to combine the actual problems of various places, especially for those sewage treatment facilities that have been built, can not be put aside, but in accordance with the requirements of the document, go deep into the village, strengthen management, sort out the abnormal operation of the facilities, analyze the reasons, make plans, classify the rectification, and complete the rectification within two years. It is not difficult to see from these requirements that the problems often encountered in the process of promoting rural domestic sewage treatment projects, such as the "sun" of sewage treatment facilities and the poor connection of sewage treatment in the second half of the toilet, will be targeted in the next work.



The treatment of rural domestic sewage is an important part of the improvement of rural living environment and an important measure to implement the strategy of rural revitalization. Its starting point and landing point are to bring a sense of gain and happiness to the people. Counties (cities, districts) must have a correct understanding of this, whether to build sewage treatment facilities, choose what type, whether to carry out toilet changes, should be centered on the people, make decisions on the basis of full research, adapt to local conditions, can not be built to build.



In recent years, in the process of building a livable, viable and beautiful countryside, a number of excellent cases of promoting rural domestic sewage treatment have also emerged. The population of Wuling Village in Fuling District of Chongqing is only 350 people, living in two small groups of villagers. After field research, the local government invested 2,643,900 yuan to establish a resource treatment model of "septic tank effluent - ecological control tank to regulate water volume - pipe network extended to crop land - intelligent irrigation", turning wastewater into fertilizer water, and villagers saved money and fertilized the land. Langzhong City, Sichuan Province, has many low mountains and hills. According to the principle of "collection for collection and separation for separation", the local policies are classified and implemented. For the single households with complicated landforms, far away from the town and less sewage, the treatment of domestic sewage is closely combined with the "improvement of kitchen and toilet". 90 centralized treatment facilities have been built in densely populated areas, and centralized treatment has been carried out for farmers around the town to access the township sewage treatment station nearby. Rongcheng City of Shandong Province adopts the way of government purchase of services, entrusts water companies to unified management of township sewage treatment facilities, so that professional people do professional things, effectively improve the efficiency of management and care.



When treating rural domestic sewage in these places, the paths and methods chosen are not exactly the same, but they have achieved remarkable results and won the recognition of villagers. It can be seen that there is no unified formula for the treatment of rural domestic sewage, as long as it meets the local topography, climate conditions, economic development level, regional water environment quality improvement needs, and farmers' production and living habits, it is the appropriate model. The reason why the "Ten million project" has changed the development trajectory of Zhejiang's rural areas and won the "Champion of the Earth Award", the highest environmental protection honor of the United Nations, is inseparable from the important methodology of "adapting to local conditions and implementing accurate policies". Counties (cities and districts) should also fully learn from and move forward under their guidance when carrying out the specific work of rural domestic sewage treatment.



In 2022, the country's rural domestic sewage treatment rate will be 31%, an increase of 5.5 percentage points over 2020; However, there is still room for improvement from the target of 40% governance rate by 2025 and the ardent expectations of the broad masses of farmers for a beautiful living environment. All counties (cities and districts) should sort out the current governance problems and chaos as soon as possible, formulate practical solutions, and lay a solid foundation for the next stage to promote rural domestic sewage treatment in depth.



Environmental reviews: Promoting the treatment of rural domestic sewage must be based on reality