Let more crop straw "turn grass into gold"

Solid progress in the comprehensive utilization of straw and the promotion of straw utilization to a higher level of the industrial chain and value chain will certainly make new and greater contributions to the green development of agriculture and rural revitalization

Now, the fertile field domain is ushered in the autumn harvest season. At the same time of harvesting corn, soybeans and rice, many places have promoted the use of straw to "turn grass into gold" according to local conditions: in the Gobi ecological greenhouse in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, straw, tail vegetables and other agricultural wastes have been transformed into cultivation substrates to produce high-quality green fruits and vegetables; In Fuyang City, Anhui province, straw made of artificial board, high strength, waterproof fire, but also cold and noise reduction, very popular in the market...

Straw is the "cereals" of herbivores, the biomass energy of "zero carbon emission", and the important source of value-added of the "farm tail foreman" industry. Large-scale and industrial promotion of comprehensive utilization of straw can cultivate new growth points of rural economic development and create outstanding highlights of agricultural green development. Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs deployed the work of straw utilization this year, proposed the construction of about 400 key counties for the comprehensive utilization of straw and 1600 comprehensive utilization of straw display bases, and the comprehensive utilization rate of straw in the country was maintained at more than 86%.

In recent years, the level of comprehensive utilization of straw in China has steadily increased, forming a pattern of "agricultural use mainly and multiple utilization". However, on the whole, China's straw utilization is still in the development stage of "direct return to the field, supplemented by multiple utilization from the field". How to improve the quality and efficiency of straw utilization, and how to produce greater economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits?

Do a good job of returning science to the field. Straw returning to the field should fully consider regional conditions, farming methods, farmer acceptance, maturity of technical measures and other factors, and demonstration and promotion of tilting, crushing and mixing technology models by region and crop, so as to better play the important role of straw in improving soil fertility and improving soil properties. At the same time, it is necessary to do a good job in monitoring straw returning to the field, reasonably calculate the most appropriate amount and way of straw returning to the field, scientifically evaluate the ecological benefits of returning to the field, form an integrated technical solution for agricultural machinery and agriculture, and promote the scientific return of straw to the field.

Promote efficient off-field. "Difficult to leave the field" is one of the bottlenecks restricting the comprehensive utilization of straw. Straw resources are scattered, collection and transportation costs are high, and in some places, "there are straw difficult to collect, difficult to store, and difficult to transport." To better develop the resource value of straw, we should make full efforts in the circulation link. Speed up the field collection, storage and transportation shortcomings, research and development with field grass, pick up, bundling, fork loading, transport and other equipment. Support socialized service organizations, build standardized collection and storage sites, reduce the cost of straw leaving the field, and promote the construction of a professional and market-oriented collection and transportation system.

High value use of straw. It is a prerequisite to carry out the utilization of straw resources and find out the background of straw resources. Strengthen the statistics and analysis of the number and type of straw production, utilization destination, utilization situation and other data in the region, and promote the relevant industrial planning and policy formulation. Take multiple measures to promote the development of the whole straw industry chain and the upgrading of the whole value chain. Guided by the market demand, we should carry out the efficient utilization of straw bluish yellow storage, expansion, and pressing, promote straw to replace grass, save grain, and become meat, orderly develop the utilization of biomass energy such as molding fuel and biogas projects using straw as raw materials, promote the use of straw to produce cultivation substrates, artificial plates, composite materials, etc., and improve the added value of straw products.

There are many kinds of crop straw in our country and the total amount is large. The utilization of straw is related to the green development of agriculture, the rural ecological environment and the vital interests of farmers. Solid progress in the comprehensive utilization of straw and the promotion of straw utilization to a higher level of the industrial chain and value chain will certainly make new and greater contributions to the green development of agriculture and rural revitalization.